INDONESIAN VERSION OF THE EDINBURGH POSTNATAL DEPRESSION SCALE: CROSS-CULTURAL ADAPTATION AND VALIDATION
Abstract
Objective Postpartum depression is a condition that may occur in women soon after
childbirth. Considering the impact arising from this disorder, intervention and early treatment
is necessary to prevent the sufferer’s condition getting worse and afflicting those around.
Therefore, a valid instrument to screen postpartum mothers is needed. The Edinburgh
Postnatal Depression Scale is a questionnaire developed to screen the depression of postnatal
mothers. The validity of EPDS has been widely documented. To be used with different
language groups and in different countries, questionnaires must be translated and adapted to
new cultural characteristics, and then validated by a widely accepted process to evaluate
reliability and validity. The aim of the study was to perform the cross-cultural adaptation and
to assess the reliability and validity of the Indonesian version of the Edinburgh Postnatal
Depression Scale (EPDS). A cross-cultural adaptation using qualitative analysis technique
with cultural adaptation theory by Manson and Flaherty were used. Construct validity were
assessed in 359-probability samples of mothers in Jakarta, and the reliability was analyzed by
single test reliability. Results: The EPDS showed satisfactory construct validity in relation
with HSCL-25 (Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25) with correlation coefficient 0.51 (los < 0.01).
Single test reliability was acceptable (Coefficient α = 0.652). It shows that The EPDS is a
valid and reliable instrument to be used as a screening instrument for postnatal depression in
Indonesia.
childbirth. Considering the impact arising from this disorder, intervention and early treatment
is necessary to prevent the sufferer’s condition getting worse and afflicting those around.
Therefore, a valid instrument to screen postpartum mothers is needed. The Edinburgh
Postnatal Depression Scale is a questionnaire developed to screen the depression of postnatal
mothers. The validity of EPDS has been widely documented. To be used with different
language groups and in different countries, questionnaires must be translated and adapted to
new cultural characteristics, and then validated by a widely accepted process to evaluate
reliability and validity. The aim of the study was to perform the cross-cultural adaptation and
to assess the reliability and validity of the Indonesian version of the Edinburgh Postnatal
Depression Scale (EPDS). A cross-cultural adaptation using qualitative analysis technique
with cultural adaptation theory by Manson and Flaherty were used. Construct validity were
assessed in 359-probability samples of mothers in Jakarta, and the reliability was analyzed by
single test reliability. Results: The EPDS showed satisfactory construct validity in relation
with HSCL-25 (Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25) with correlation coefficient 0.51 (los < 0.01).
Single test reliability was acceptable (Coefficient α = 0.652). It shows that The EPDS is a
valid and reliable instrument to be used as a screening instrument for postnatal depression in
Indonesia.
