META-ANALISIS PENGARUH INTERVENSI VIRTUAL REALITY THERAPY UNTUK MENURUNKAN SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER

Jocelyn Faustina Santoso; Ananta Yudiarso

doi:10.35760/psi.2023.v16i1.7522

META-ANALISIS PENGARUH INTERVENSI VIRTUAL REALITY THERAPY UNTUK MENURUNKAN SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER

Jocelyn Faustina Santoso
Universitas Surabaya
Indonesia

Ananta Yudiarso
Universitas Surabaya
Indonesia

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35760/psi.2023.v16i1.7522

Abstract

This study aims to see the effectiveness of appropriate virtual reality therapy methods to reduce level of social anxiety disorder in individuals. This research method is a meta-analysis based on the PRISMA-P 2020 procedure. This research involved 7 previous experimental studies that used virtual reality therapy as an intervention in reducing social anxiety disorder. The result of this study is that the virtual reality therapy method has a large effect size in reducing individual social anxiety disorder. Virtual reality therapy should be combined with other interventions such as cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) or mindfulness-based warm-ups and individuals are encouraged to do self-reflection to reduce the level of social anxiety disorder they experience.

Keywords

social anxiety disorder; virtual reality; meta-analysis; effect size

References

Anderson, P. L., Edwards, S. M., & Goodnight, J. R. (2017). Virtual reality and exposure group therapy for social anxietydisorder: Results from a 4–6 year follow-up. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 41(2), 230-236. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-016-9820-y

Becker, D. K. (2018). Social anxiety disorder. The 5-Minute Pediatric Consult, 8th Edition, 860-861. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09757-2_29

Bjornsson, A. S., Hardarson, J. P., Valdimarsdottir, A. G., Gudmundsdottir, K., Tryggvadottir, A., Thorarinsdottir,

K., Wessman, I., Sigurjonsdottir, Ó., Davidsdottir, S., & Thorisdottir, A. S. (2020). Social trauma and its association with posttraumatic stress disorder and social anxiety disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 72(September 2019), 102228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2020.102228

Bouchard, S., Dumoulin, S., Robillard, G., Guitard, T., Klinger, E., Forget, H., Loranger, C., & Roucaut, F. X. (2017). Virtual reality compared with in vivo exposure in the treatment of social anxiety disorder: A three-arm randomised controlled trial. British Journal of Psychiatry, 210(4), 276-283. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.116.184234

Brockveld, K. C., Perini, S. J., & Rapee, R. M. (2014). Social anxiety and social anxiety disorder across cultures. In Social anxiety: Clinical, developmental, and social perspectives (Third edition). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-394427-6.00006-6

Chavira, D. A., & Stein, M. B. (2005). Childhood social anxiety disorder: From understanding to treatment. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 14(4), 797-818. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2005.05.003

Findlay, L. (2017). Depression and suicidal ideation among Canadians aged 15 to 24. Health Reports, 28(1), 3-11.

Horigome, T., Kurokawa, S., Sawada, K., Kudo, S., Shiga, K., Mimura, M., & Kishimoto, T. (2020). Virtual reality exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder: A systematic review and meta-Analysis. Psychological Medicine, 50(15), 2487-2497. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S0033291720003785

Jefferies, P., & Ungar, M. (2020). Social anxiety in young people: A prevalence study in seven countries. PLoS ONE, 15(9 September), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239133

Kim, H. E., Hong, Y. J., Kim, M. K., Jung, Y. H., Kyeong, S., & Kim, J. J. (2017). Effectiveness of self-training using the mobile-based virtual reality program in patients with social anxiety disorder. Computers in Human Behavior, 73, 614-619. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.04.017

Kim, H. J., Lee, S., Jung, D., Hur, J. W., Lee, H. J., Lee, S., Kim, G. J., Cho, C. Y., Choi, S., Lee, S. M., & Cho, C. H. (2020). Effectiveness of a participatory and interactive virtual reality intervention in patients with social anxiety disorder: Longitudinal questionnaire study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(10), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.2196/23024

Maples-Keller, J. L., Yasinski, C., Manjin, N., & Rothbaum, B. O. (2017). Virtual reality-enhanced extinction of phobias and post-traumatic stress. Neurotherapeutics, 14(3), 554-563. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13311-017-0534-y

Mohammadi, M. R., Salehi, M., Khaleghi, A., Hooshyari, Z., Mostafavi, S. A., Ahmadi, N., Hojjat, S. K., Safavi, P., & Amanat, M. (2020). Social anxiety disorder among children and adolescents: A nationwide survey of prevalence, socio-demographic characteristics, risk factors and co-morbidities. Journal of Affective Disorders, 263(September 2019), 450-457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.12.015

Nason, E. E., Trahan, M., Smith, S., Metsis, V., & Selber, K. (2020). Virtual treatment for veteran social anxiety disorder: A comparison of 360° video and 3D virtual reality. Journal of Technology in Human Services, 38(3), 288-308. https://doi.org/10.1080/15228835.2019.1692760

Shelby, L. B., & Vaske, J. (2008). Understanding meta-analysis: A review of the methodological literature. Leisure Sciences, 30(2), 96-110. https://doi.org/10.1080/01490400701881366

Stasolla, F., Perilli, V., & Boccasini, A. (2016). Assistive technologies for persons with severe-profound intellectual and developmental disabilities. In Computer-assisted and web-based innovations in psychology, special education, and health (Issue December). https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-802075-3.00011-5

Stefaniak, I., Hanusz, K., Mierzejewski, P., Bieńkowski, P., Parnowski, T., & Murawiec, S. (2022). Preliminary study of efficacy and safety of self-administered virtual exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder vs. cognitive-behavioral therapy. Brain Sciences, 12(9). https://doi.org/10.3390/ brainsci12091236

Stein, M. B., & Stein, D. J. (2008). Social anxiety disorder. The Lancet, 371(9618), 1115-1125. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(08)60488-2

Xu, J., Ni, S., Ran, M., & Zhang, C. (2017). The relationship between parenting styles and adolescents’ social anxiety in migrant families: A study in Guangdong, China. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(APR), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00626

Zainal, N. H., Chan, W. W., Saxena, A. P., Taylor, C. B., & Newman, M. G. (2021). Pilot randomized trial of self-guided virtual reality exposure therapy for social anxiety disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 147(September), 103984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2021.103984