KISARAN INANG ISOLAT Colletotrichum gloeosporiodes ASAL MANGGA PADA BEBERAPA PASCAPANEN BUAH
Universitas Gunadarma
Indonesia
Universitas Gunadarma
Indonesia
Universitas Gunadarma
Indonesia
Abstract
Colletotrichum gloesporiodes is one of the species of Colletotrichum that causes anthracnose on various fruits both in the field and postharvest. C. gloesporiodes is a cosmopolitan pathogen so it is important to know which fruits can be infected as a basis for prevention. This study aimed to determine the host range and virulence level of C. gloesporiodes in several postharvest fruits. The research was conducted at the Agrotechnology Intermediate Laboratory, Gunadarma University from March 2022 to April 2022. This study used a completely randomized design consisting of 4 types of fruit (mango, chili, papaya, and tomato) as treatment. Each treatment consisted of 4 units and then repeated 3 times so that there were a total of 48 experimental units. C. gloesporiodes isolate was obtained from mango fruit with anthracnose symptoms. The isolates obtained were inoculated to tomatoes, chilies, papayas, and mangoes as controls. Anthracnose symptoms and lesin diameter were observed at 7 days after inoculation. The diameter of the lesin was measured to determine the level of virulence. The results showed that C. gloesporiodes was able to colonize and infect chilies, papayas, and mangoes as hosts, but there was no inoculated to tomatoes. The ability to colonize and infect is indicated by symptoms in the form of yellow to black spots, sunken, and watery. The virulence category showed different levels in each fruit with a range from very low to moderate. The conclusions obtained from this study were that C. gloesporiodes was able to infect chilies and papayas with different levels of virulence.
Keywords
References
Archana, S., Prabakar, K., Raguchander, T. 2014. Virulence variation of C. gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. and evaluation of varietal susceptibility against mango anthracnose. Trends Biosci., 7(6): 415–421.
Arti, I.M., Asnur, P., Kurniasih, R., Ramdan, E.P. 2022. Identification , pathogenesis and virulence test of fungus causes postharvest disease of Gedong Gincu mango from Pal Market, Cimanggis , Depok. Jurnal Pembelajaran dan Biologi Nukleus, 8(2): 236-246.
Baba, V.Y., Constantino, L.V., Ivamoto, S.T., Moreira, A.F.P, Madeira, T.B., Nixdorf, S.L., Rodrigues, R., Gonvales, L.S.A. 2019. Capsicum-Colletotrichum interaction: Identification of resistance sources and quantification of secondary metabolites in unripe and ripe fruits in response to antracnose infection. Scientia Horticulturae 246: 469-477.
Benatar, G.V. 2021. Karakterisasi Dan Identifikasi Colletotrichum Spp. Penyebab Antraknosa Mangga Di Indramayu. Tesis, Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.
Chowdhury, M.S.M., Sultana, N., Mostofa, G., Kundu, B., Rashid,M. 2014. Postharvest diseases of selected fruits in the wholesale market of Dhaka. Bangladesh J. Plant Pathol., 30(1&2):13–16.
Darmawati, E., Bionille, F.L. 2021. Pemanfaatan bio-fungisida sebagai penghambat antraknosa untuk meningkatkan masa jual buah pepaya callina. Agric: Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 33(2): 143-156.
Dembele, D.D, Amari, L.-N. n D. G. E., Camara,B.,Grechi, I., Rey, J.Y., Kone, D. 2020. Pre and postharvest assessment of mango anthracnose incidence and severity in the north of Côte d’Ivoire. Int. J. Biol. Chem. Sci., 13(6): 2726-2738.
Fikriatul, M.A., Faidah, Puspita, F. 2017. Identifikasi Penyakit yang Disebabkan oleh Jamur dan Intensitas Serangannya pada Tanaman Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus polyrhizus) di Kabupaten Siak Sri Indrapura. JOM Faperta UR, 4 (1): 1-14.
Fitriati, Y., Wiyono, S.,Sumarauw, I. 2013. Khamir Antagonis untuk Pengendalian Penyakit Antraknosa pada Buah Avokad Selama Penyimpanan. J. Fitopatol. Indones., 9(5):153–159.
Flor, H.H. 1971. Current status of the gene-for-gene concept. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 9: 275-296.
Hamdayanty, Yunita, R., Amin, N.N., Damayanti, T.A. 2012. Pemanfaatan Kitosan untuk Mengendalikan Antraknosa pada Pepaya (Colletotrichum gloesporioides) dan Meningkatkan Daya Simpan Buah. Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia, 8(4): 97:102
Huang, X., Liu, T., Zhou, C., Huang, Y., Liu, X., Yuan, H. 2021. Antifungal activity of essential oils from three artemisia species against colletotrichum gloeosporioides of mango. Antibiotics, 10(11):1-15.
Jenny, F., Sultana,N.,Islam, M.M.,Khandaker,M.M., Bhuiyan, M. A. B. 2019.A Review on Anthracnose of Mango Caused By Colletotrichum a Review on Anthracnose of Mango Caused By Colletotrichum. Bangladesh J. Plant Pathol, 35(1&2):65–74.
Laksanaphisut, S., Songkumarn, P., Sangchote,S. 2019. Characterizations of Colletotrichum spp., Pathogens on Mango Fruits. Thai Agric. Res. J., 37(2):197–214.
Laksmi, B.K.M., Reddy, P.N., Prasad, R.D. 2011. Cross-infection Potential of Colletrotrium gloeosporioides Penz. Isolates Causing Anthracnose in Subtropical Fruit Crops. Tropical Agricultural Research 22(2): 183-193.
Maknun, L., Supyani, Hadiwiyono, Tjahjono B. 2019. Keberadaan Mikrovirus Berdasarkan Deteksi Berbasis RNA pada Colletotrichum hipovirulen. Agrotech Res J. 3(1): 50-55
Park, S., Jeong, W.Y., Lee, J.H., Kim, Y.H., Jeong, S.W., Kim, G.S., et al., 2012.
Determination of polyphenol levels variation in Capsicum annuum L. cv. chelsea (yellow bell pepper) infected by anthracnose (Colletotrichum gleosporioides) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Food Chem. 130, 981–985.
Rahman, M.S., Akhte, M.S., Maya, M.A., Rahman, A.H.M.A., Akanda, A.M. 2011. Field resistance of chili cultivar against anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum capsici. Thai J. Agric. Sci. 44(40; 243-250.
Ramdan, E.P., Arti, I.M., Risnawati. 2019. Identifikasi Dan Uji Virulensi Penyakit Antraknosa Pada Pascapanen Buah Cabai. J. Pertan. Presisi (Journal Precis. Agric., 3(1): 67–76.
Ramdan, EP., Budiarti, L., Wulansari, N.K., Fajarfika, R., Handayani, R.M., Windriyati, R.D.H., Junairiah, J., Septariani, D.N., Arsi, A., Rahmiyah, M., Defriyanti, W.T., Adiwena, M., Malik, A.F, Pradana, A.P., Asril, M. 2021. Penyakit Tanaman dan Pengendaliannya. Yayasan Kita Menulis, Medan, ID.
Refiliya, A., Yulianty, Lande, M.L., Wahyuningsih, S. 2020. Ketahanan Kultivar Buah Tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) terhadap Jamur Colletrichum acutatum J.H. Simmonds Penyebab Penyakit Antraknosa. Jurnal Medika Malahayati, 4(3): 210-216
Rumahlewang, W., Amanupunyo, H.R.D. 2012. Patogenitas Colletotrichum musae Penyebab Penyakit Antraknosa pada Beberapa Varietas Buah Pisang. Agrologia, 1(2): 76–81.
Sari, N., Kasiamdari, R.S. 2021. Identifikasi dan Uji Patogenisitas Colletotrichum spp. dari Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum): Kasus di Kricaan, Magelang, Jawa Tengah, J. Ilmu Pertan. Indones., 26 (2):243–250.
Sharma, M., Kulshrestha, S. 2015. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides: An anthracnose causing pathogen of fruits and vegetables. Biosci. Biotechnol. Res. Asia 12 (2): 1233–1246.
Silva, S.A.M., Rodrigues, R., Gonçalves, L.S.A., Sudré, C.P., Bento, S.C., Carmo, M.G.F., Medeiros, A.M., 2014. Resistance in Capsicum spp. to anthracnose affected by different stages of fruit development during pre- and post-harvest. Trop. Plant Pathol. 39 (4), 335–341.
Sopialena, S., Subioni, T., Rosyidin, A.U., Tantiani, D. 2022. Control of antracnose disease in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) using endophytic fungi. KnE Life Science: 393-408.
Sun, C.Y., Mao, S.L., Zhang, Z.H., Alain, P., Wang, L.H., Zhang, B.X., 2015. Resistances to anthracnose (Colletotrichum acutatum) of Capsicum mature green and ripe fruit are controlled by a major dominant cluster of QTLs on chromosome P5. Sci. Hortic. 181, 81–88.
Suryaningsih, K.I., Sudana I.M., Suada, I. K. 2015. Pengendalian penyakit antraknosa (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz) pada buah jeruk siam (Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa) dengan menggunakan minyak atsiri cengkeh dan sereh dapur,” E-Jurnal Agroekoteknologi Trop. 4 (1): 16–24.
Sutopo, A., Poerwanto, R., Wiyono, S. 2017. Keefektifan Bahan Pencuci dan Pencegah Penyakit Terhadap Kualitas Buah Mangga cv. Gedong Gincu dan Arumanis. J. Hotikultura, 27(2): 253-260.
Torres-Calzada, C., Tapia-Tussell, R., Higuera-Ciapara,I., Perez-Brito, D. 2013. Morphological, pathological and genetic diversity of Colletotrichum species responsible for anthracnose in papaya (Carica papaya L). Eur. J. Plant Pathol., 135 (1):67–79.
Widiastuti, A., Ningtyas, O. H., Priyatmojo, A. 2015. Identification of fungus causing postharvest disease on several fruits in Yogyakarta,” J. Fitopatol. Indones., 11 (3): 91–96.
Wiyono, S., Manuwoto, S. 2008. Penyakit Antraknosa pada Pepaya dan Potensi Pengendaliannya. Pusat Kajian Buah Tropika, LLPM-IPB, Bogor, ID.
