STRES DAN SELF-DISCLOSURE DI TWITTER PADA MAHASISWA

Adzra Fathiya Hasna
Universitas Padjadjaran
Indonesia
Yuliana Hanami
Universitas Padjadjaran
Indonesia

Abstract

Self-disclosure di media sosial dapat dijadikan salah satu cara mencari dukungan sosial sebagai usaha mengatasi stres yang banyak dialami mahasiswa. Twitter merupakan salah satu media sosial microblogging dengan fitur utama berbentuk broadcast teks singkat yang memudahkan penggunanya berbagi secara cepat dan ringkas, sehingga seharusnya dapat memudahkan self-disclosure. Akan tetapi, penelitian terdahulu belum banyak yang meneliti self-disclosure dalam konteks Twitter. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini mencari tahu apakah terdapat hubungan antara stres dengan self-disclosure di Twitter pada mahasiswa. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 128 mahasiswa aktif Universitas Padjadjaran yang merupakan pengguna aktif Twitter. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) dan hasil adaptasi skala self-dicslosure oleh Wheeless (1978) dalam penelitian S. Zhang, Kwok, Lowry, Liu, & Wu (2019). Analisis korelasi yang dilakukan menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara tingkat stres dengan perilaku mengungkapkan informasi diri di Twitter pada responden yang mengalami stres. Karakteristik self-disclosure yang dilakukan mayoritas responden yang mengalami stres mendukung asumsi awal bahwa self-disclosure yang dilakukan pada saat stres adalah untuk mendapatkan dukungan sosial. Stres juga ditemukan berhubungan paling kuat dengan dimensi amount dan valence self-disclosure.

Keywords
Self-disclosure; Stres; Mahasiswa; Twitter
References

Aulia, S., & Panjaitan, R. U. (2019). Psychological Well-Being and Level of Stress Among the Last Year College Students. Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa, 7(2), 127–134.

Bacchi, S., & Licinio, J. (2017). Resilience and Psychological Distress in Psychology and Medical Students. Academic Psychiatry, 41(2), 185–188. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40596-016-0488-0

Bazarova, N. N., & Choi, Y. H. (2014). Self-disclosure in Social Media: Extending the Functional Approach to Disclosure Motivations and Characteristics on Social Network Sites. Journal of Communication, 64(4), 635–657. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12106

Bevan, J. L., Gomez, R., & Sparks, L. (2014). Disclosures about important life events on Facebook: Relationships with stress and quality of life. Computers in Human Behavior, 39, 246–253. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.07.021

Budiono, K. D. (2020). Hubungan Kepribadian dan Tingkat Stres dengan Variabel Mediasi Coping Strategy pada Istri Korban Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga. Tesis (Tidak dipublikasikan). Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor.

Choi, Y. H., & Bazarova, N. N. (2014). Self-Disclosure Characteristics and Motivations in Social Media: Extending the Functional Model to Multiple Social Network Sites. Human Communication Research, 41(4), 480–500. https://doi.org/10.1111/hcre.12053

Cohen, S. (1988). Perceived stress in a probability sample of the United States. In S. Spacapan & S. Oskamp (Eds.), The Claremont Symposium on Applied Social Psychology. The social psychology of health (p. 31–67). Sage Publications, Inc.

Courtney Walton, S., & Rice, R. E. (2013). Mediated disclosure on Twitter: The roles of gender and identity in boundary impermeability, valence, disclosure, and stage. Computers in Human Behavior, 29(4), 1465–1474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2013.01.033

D Griffiths, M. (2013). Social Networking Addiction: Emerging Themes and Issues. Journal of Addiction Research & Therapy, 04(05), 4–5. https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6105.1000e118

Dancey, C. P., & Reidy, J. (2011). Statistics Without Maths for Psychology (5th Ed.). Harlow: Prentice Hall

Deasy, C., Coughlan, B., Pironom, J., Jourdan, D., & Mannix-McNamara, P. (2014). Psychological distress and coping amongst higher education students: A Mixed method enquiry. PLoS ONE, 9(12), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0115193

Denq, B., Denq, W., & Hsu, W. (2019). Stress and Its Impact on Social Media Usage. Journal of Technical Writing and Communication, 49(2), 232–245. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047281618772076

Fiander, D. J. (2012). Social media for academic libraries. In Social Media for Academics: A Practical Guide. Oxford: Chandos Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-84334-681-4.50011-6

Gallagher, C. T., Mehta, A. N. V., Selvan, R., Mirza, I. B., Radia, P., Bharadia, N. S., & Hitch, G. (2014). Perceived stress levels among undergraduate pharmacy students in the UK. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 6(3), 437–441. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2014.02.004

Gurková, E., & Zeleníková, R. (2018). Nursing students’ perceived stress, coping strategies, health and supervisory approaches in clinical practice: A Slovak and Czech perspective. Nurse Education Today, 65(August 2017), 4–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2018.02.023

Huang, H. Y. (2016). Examining the beneficial effects of individual’s self-disclosure on the social network site. Computers in Human Behavior, 57, 122–132. 132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.12.030

Krämer, N. C., & Schäwel, J. (2020). Mastering the challenge of balancing self-disclosure and privacy in social media. Current Opinion in Psychology, 31, 67–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.08.003

Lazarus, R.S. & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal, and Coping. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company

Liu, Z., Min, Q., Zhai, Q., & Smyth, R. (2016). Self-disclosure in Chinese micro-blogging: A social exchange theory perspective. Information and Management, 53(1), 53–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2015.08.006

Luo, M., & Hancock, J. T. (2020). Self-disclosure and social media: motivations, mechanisms and psychological well-being. Current Opinion in Psychology, 31, 110–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2019.08.019

Park, N., Song, H., & Lee, K. M. (2014). Social networking sites and other media use, acculturation stress, and psychological well-being among East Asian college students in the United States. Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 138–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.03.037

Rahmayani, R. D., Liza, R. G., & Syah, N. A. (2019). Gambaran Tingkat Stres Berdasarkan Stressor pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran Tahun Pertama Program Studi Profesi Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Angkatan 2017. Jurnal Kesehatan Andalas, 8(1), 103. https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v8i1.977

Rus, H. M., & Tiemensma, J. (2018). Social media as a shield: Facebook buffers acute stress. Physiology and Behavior, 185, 46–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.12.021

Self-disclosure. (n.d.). Dalam APA Dictionary of Psychology. Diakses dari https://dictionary.apa.org/self-disclosure

Shane-Simpson, C., Manago, A., Gaggi, N., & Gillespie-Lynch, K. (2018). Why do college students prefer Facebook, Twitter, or Instagram? Site affordances, tensions between privacy and self-expression, and implications for social capital. Computers in Human Behavior, 86, 276–288. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.04.041

Stallman, H. M. (2010). Psychological distress in university students: A comparison with general population data. Australian Psychologist, 45(4), 249–257. https://doi.org/10.1080/00050067.2010.482109

Stockdale, L. A., & Coyne, S. M. (2020). Bored and online: Reasons for using social media, problematic social networking site use, and behavioral outcomes across the transition from adolescence to emerging adulthood. Journal of Adolescence, 79(August 2018), 173–183. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2020.01.010

Supradewi, R. (2019). Stres Mahasiswa Ditinjau dari Koping Religius. PSYCHO IDEA, 17(1), 9–22.

Wang, G., Zhang, W., Chen, Q., & Zeng, R. (2018). How is negative affect associated with life satisfaction? The moderating role of online self-disclosure in China’s context. Personality and Individual Differences, 135(July), 60–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.07.002

Waterloo, S. F., Baumgartner, S. E., Peter, J., & Valkenburg, P. M. (2018). Norms of online expressions of emotion: Comparing Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, and WhatsApp. New Media and Society, 20(5), 1813–1831. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444817707349

Wheeless, L. R., & Grotz, J. (1976). Conceptualization and Measurement of Reported Self‐Disclosure. Human Communication Research, 2(4), 338–346. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1976.tb00494.x

Wheeless, L. R. (1978). A Follow‐up Study of the Relationships Among Trust, Disclosure, and Interpersonal Solidarity. Human Communication Research, 4(2), 143–157. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1978.tb00604.x

Zhang, R. (2017). The stress-buffering effect of self-disclosure on Facebook: An examination of stressful life events, social support, and mental health among college students. Computers in Human Behavior, 75, 527–537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.05.043

Zhang, S., Kwok, R. C. W., Lowry, P. B., Liu, Z., & Wu, J. (2019). The influence of role stress on self-disclosure on social networking sites: A conservation of resources perspective. Information and Management, 56(7). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2019.02.002

Zou, M. L., Li, M. X., & Cho, V. (2020). Depression and disclosure behavior via social media: A study of university students in China. Heliyon, 6(2), e03368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03368

Fakultas Psikologi

Information
PDF
2143 times PDF : 1182 times