PENGARUH TUNTUTAN PEKERJAAN TERHADAP CYBERLOAFING DENGAN KEBOSANAN KERJA SEBAGAI MEDIATOR PADA KARYAWAN YANG BEKERJA DARI RUMAH
Universitas Tarumanagara
Indonesia
Universitas Tarumanagara
Indonesia
Universitas Tarumanagara
Indonesia
Abstract
The policy of working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic caused changes in the work environment and job demands that were suspected of causing cyberloafing. This study aims to determine the role of job boredom in mediating the effect of job demands on cyberloafing. Data were collected through online questionnaires to measure cyberloafing, job boredom and job demands from 116 participants who work as administrative staff. Data processing was carried out through regression techniques. The results showed that job demands had a significant effect on cyberloafing (β = 0.427, p = 0.000). After entering job boredom as a mediator, the results showed that the effect of job demands on cyberloafing decreased (β = 0.251, p = 0.004). These results indicate that job boredom can mediate (partially) the effect of job demands on cyberloafing. So, the effect of job demands on cyberloafing is even greater when those demands lead to work boredom. The correlation between demographic data and research variables show that position, working hours and length of using internet have a positive correlation with job demands; age, tenure, and working hours have a negative correlation with job boredom; age and tenure are negatively correlated with cyberloafing.
Keywords
References
Ahmad, K. (2020). Pengaruh work from home (wfh) terhadap role ambiguity pegawai. Journal Of Islamic Economic And Business, 2((2)), 67–72.
Akbulut, Y., Dursun, O. O., Donmez, O., & Sahin, Y. L. (2016). In search of a measure to investigate cyberloafing in educational settings. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 616–625. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.11.002
Arquitectura, E. Y., Introducci, T. I., 赫晓霞, Iv, T., Teatinas, L. A. S., Conclusiones, T. V. I. I., … Waldenström, L. (2015). 主観的健康感を中心とした在宅. Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis, 53(9), 1689–1699.
Askew, K. (2012). The relationship between cyberloafing and task performance and an examination of the theory of planned behavior as a model of cyberloafing. In Dissertation Abstracts International: Section B: The Sciences and Engineering. Retrieved from https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3957
Ayu, D. R., Maarif, S., & Sukmawati, A. (2015). Pengaruh job demands, job resources dan personal resources terhadap work engagement. Jurnal Aplikasi Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 1((1)), 12–22.
Azizah, S. N. (2019). Cyberloafing sebagai strategi mengatasi kebosanan. Fokus Bisnis: Media Pengkajian Manajemen Dan Akuntansi, 18((1)), 1–7. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.32639/fokusbisnis.v18i1.301
Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E., & Verbeke, W. (2004). Using the job demands-resources model to predict burnout and performance. Human Resource Management, 43((1)), 83–104. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1002/hrm.20004
Blanchard, A. L., & Henle, C. A. (2008). Correlates of different forms of cyberloafing: The role of norms and external locus of control. Computers in Human Behavior, 24((3)), 1067–1084. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2007.03.008
Fahlman, S. A., Mercer-Lynn, K. B., Flora, D. B., & Eastwood, J. D. (2011). Development and validation of the multidimensional state boredom scale. Assessment, 20((1)), 68–85. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191111421303
Hardiani, W. A. A., Rahardja, E., & Yuniawan, A. (2017). Effect of role conflict and role overload to burnout and its impact on cyberloafing (study on Pt Pln (Persero) Pusat Manajemen Konstruksi). Jurnal Bisnis Strategi, 26((2)), 89–99. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.14710/jbs.26.2.89-99
Henle, C A., & Kedharnath, U. (2012). Cyberloafing in Workplace. In Encyclopedia of Research on Cyber Behaviour (pp. 560–573). https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0315-8.ch048
Hessels, J., Rietveld, C. A., & van der Zwan, P. (2016). Self-employment and work-related stress: The mediating role of job control and job demand. Journal of Business Venturing, 32((2)), 178–196. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2016.10.007
Hurriyati, D. (2017). Analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku cyberloafing pada pegawai negeri dinas pekerjaan umum kota Palembang. Jurnal Ilmiah PSYCHE, 11((2)), 75–86.
Husna, F. H. (2020). Kebosanan sebagai prediktor perilaku cyberloafing pada karyawan. Jurnal Studia Insania, 8((1)), 43–59. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.18592/jsi.v8i1.3516
Jandaghi, G., Alvani, S. M., Matin, H. Z., & Fakheri, S. (2015). Cyberloafing management in organizations. Iranian Journal of Management Studies (IJMS), 8((3)), 335–349.
Krasniqi, V., Yulita, Idris, M. A., & Dollard, M. F. (2019). Psychosocial safety climate, job demand-resources: multilevel study predicting boredom. In Psychosocial Safety Climate. (pp. 129–148). Springe, Cham. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20319-1_5
Lequeurre, J., Gillet, N., Ragot, C., & Fouquereau, E. (2013). Validation of a French questionnaire to measure job demands and resources. In Presses Universitaires De Grenoble Validation, 26(4), 93–124.
Nahrgang, J. D., Morgeson, F. P., & Hofmann, D. A. (2011). Safety at work: a meta-analytic investigation of the link between job demands, job resources, burnout, engagement, and safety outcomes., 96((1)), 71–94. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1037/a0021484
Norsilan, I. N., Omar, Z., & Ahmad, A. (2014). Workplace deviant behavior: does employee psychological job demand and lack of job resources influence employee workplace deviant behavior? Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 28((2)), 39–62. Retrieved from http://spaj.ukm.my/ppppm/jpm/article/view/137
Nydia, N., & Pareke, F. J. (2019). Dinamika peran dan cyberloafing. Managament Insight: Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 14((2)), 138–146. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.33369/insight.14.2.138-146
Oktapiansyah, H. (2018). Hubungan Antara Stres Kerja Dengan Perilaku Cyberloafing Pada Karyawan Bank. [Universitas Islam Indonesia Yogyakarta]. Retrieved from https://dspace.uii.ac.id/handle/123456789/12369
Purba, D. S., Winata, H., & Efendi, E. (2019). Work stress as a mediator of job demand on turnover intention. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen, 20((2)), 108–124. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.24198/jbm.v20i2.271
Rahmatullah, I. (2020). Jaminan Hak Kesehatan Pekerja Work From Office. Jurnal Buletin Hukum Dan Keadilan, 4(1), 57–62.
Reijseger, G., Schaufeli, W. B., Peeters, M. C. W., Taris, T. W., van Beek, I., & Ouweneel, E. (2013). Watching the paint dry at work: psychometric examination of the Dutch Boredom Scale. Anxiety, Stress and Coping, 26((5)), 508–525. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2012.720676
Salain, P. P. P., Adiyadnya, M. S. P., & Rismawan, P. A. E. (2020). Studi eksplorasi dampak work from home pada kinerja karyawan BUMN di wilayah Denpasar karyawan di masa pandemi covid-19. Jurnal Ilmiah Satyagraha, 03((02)), 19–27. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.47532/jis.v3i2.181
Schaufeli, W. B., & Salanova, M. (2014). Burnout, boredom and engagement in the workplace. In J. de J. and T. W. T. Maria C. W. Peeters (Ed.), An Introduction to Contemporary Work Psychology, (First, pp. 293–320). John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sekretariat Negara Republik Indonesia. (2020). Arahan presiden terkait kebijakan pemerintah pusat dan daerah tangani covid-19. Retrieved from https://www.setneg.go.id/baca/index/arahan_presiden_terkait_kebijakan_pemerintah_pusat_dan_daerah_tangani_covid_19
Westgate, E. C., & Wilson, T. D. (2018). Boring thoughts and bored minds: The MAC model of boredom and cognitive engagement. Psychological Review, 125((5)), 689-713. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1037/rev0000097
World Health Organization. (2020). Mental Health and Psychosocial Considerations During COVID-19 Outbreak. World Health Organization, (January), 1–6.
Worldometer. (2020). Coronavirus cases in Indonesia. Retrieved from https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/indonesia/
