PERAN KUERSETIN TERHADAP EKSPRESI NRF2 PADA STRES OKSIDATIF AKIBAT PENYAKIT GINJAL KRONIK
Abstract
Penyakit Ginjal Kronik (PGK) merupakan masalah kesehatan di seluruh penjuru dunia. PGK menjadi penyebab menurunnya kualitas hidup penderitanya sekaligus meningkatkan risiko kematian. Penyakit Ginjal Kronik ditandai dengan terjadinya kerusakan ginjal dalam waktu lama dan progresif. Gangguan pada PGK berkaitan dengan kejadian stres oksidatif, yaitu keadaan di mana Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) terbentuk melebihi pertahanan antioksidan. Kuersetin sebagai bagian keluarga flavonoid diketahui memiliki aktivitas antioksidan. Penelitian sebelumnya mendapatkan bahwa pemberian kuersetin mampu meningkatkan ekspresi protein Nuclear factor related erythroid factor 2 (Nrf2) di dalam nukleus pada tikus yang mengalami PGK. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian lanjutan untuk mengkonfirmasi apakah peningkatan ekspresi protein Nrf2 di dalam nukleus terjadi pada tahap transkripsi. Metode: Jaringan ginjal tikus Sprague-Dawley dari penelitian terdahulu yang tersimpan pada suhu -80oC, diukur ekspresi mRNA Nrf2, menggunakan qRT PCR. Terdapat 4 kelompok penelitian yaitu kelompok kontrol normal, kelompok dengan nefrektomi 5/6 berturut-turut diberi CMC 0,5%, kaptopril 10 mg/kgBB, dan kuersetin 100 mg/kgBB. Ekspresi mRNA Nrf2 dianalisis statistik menggunakan uji ANOVA yang dilanjutkan dengan multiple comparison post hoc dengan LSD, Kruskal-Wallis untuk data yang tidak memenuhi syarat uji ANOVA dimana perbedaan dianggap bermakna secara statistik bila p<0.05. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna terhadap ekspresi Nrf2 pada pemberian kuersetin 100 mg/kgBB meskipun terlihat ada kecenderungan bahwa ekspresi gen-gen tersebut meningkat pada kelompok yang mendapatkan kuersetin Pemberian kuersetin 100mg/kgBB tidak meningkatkan ekspresi mRNA Nrf2 pada tikus pascanefrektomi 5/6.
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