SELF-COMPASSION PADA PSIKOLOG YANG MEMBERIKAN LAYANAN PSIKOLOGI KEPADA PASIEN COVID-19: STUDI KASUS DI RUMAH SAKIT DARURAT COVID-19 WISMA ATLET JAKARTA
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1568-1796
Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Padjajaran
Indonesia
Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Padjajaran
Indonesia
Abstract
Pada penanganan terpadu pasien positif COVID-19 khususnya di Rumah Sakit Darurat COVID-19 (RSDC) Wisma Atlet Kemayoran Jakarta, pemerintah mengerahkan tenaga kesehatan meliputi dokter dan perawat kesehatan baik sipil maupun militer serta psikolog dari TNI dan Ikatan Psikolog Klinis (IPK). Selain menghadapi kondisi yang dapat mengancam kesehatan pribadi, para tenaga kesehatan juga dapat mengalami kecemasan, stres, depresi dan compassion fatigue. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang pentingnya self-compassion pada para psikolog sebagai tenaga kesehatan mental yang menjadi relawan dalam satuan tugas penanganan COVID-19 di Rumah Sakit Darurat Wisma Atlet Kemayoran Jakarta. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah empat orang perwira psikolog dari Dinas Psikologi TNI Angkatan Darat. Wawancara semi terstruktur digunakan pada teknik pengambilan data serta metode yang digunakan dalam analisis data adalah menggunakan analisis tematik, dari tiga tema berdasarkan teori self-compassion yaitu self-kindness vs self- judgment and self-critism, common humanity vs isolation common humanity dan mindfulness vs Overidentification mindfulness. Hasil penelitian menunjukan partisipan memiliki self-compassion yang baik sehingga dapat mudah beradaptasi dengan keadaan, menerima keberadaan dirinya dalam tugas dan memberikan kasih sayang terhadap para pasien sebagai klien. Melalui self-compassion para relawan dapat memberikan pelayanan psikologis bagi pasien dengan lebih efektif. Memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik bagi pasien atau klien merupakan tugas sebagai seorang profesional kesehatan metal dalam mendukung kesejahteraan mereka.
Keywords
References
Abaci, R., & Arda, D. (2013). Relationship between self-compassion and job satisfaction in white collar workers. Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences, 106, 2241-2247. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.255
Adinda, P. T., Aryanto, C. B., & Tunjungsari, L. H. (2020). Gambaran self-compassion perawat instalasi gawat darurat di Jakarta. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 7(1), 38-56. https://doi.org/ 10.24854/jpu99
Alasiri, E., Bast, D., & Kolts, R. L. (2019). Using the implicit relational assessment procedure (IRAP) to explore common humanity as a dimension of self-compassion. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 14, 65-72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.09.004
Alharbi, J., Jackson, D., & Usher, K. (2020). The potential for COVID-19 to contribute to compassion fatigue in critical care nurses. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 29(15-16), 2762-2764. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15314
Creswell, W. J., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative and mixed methods approaches. In Sage Publications, Inc (Fifth Edit, Vol. 53, Nomor 9). SAGE Publications, Inc.
Dreisoerner, A., Junker, N. M., & van Dick, R. (2021). The relationship among the components of self-compassion: A pilot study using a compassionate writing intervention to enhance self-kindness, common humanity, and mindfulness. Journal of Happiness Studies, 22(1), 21-47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10902-019-00217-4
Du, J., Dong, L., Wang, T., Yuan, C., Fu, R., Zhang, L., Liu, B., Zhang, M., Yin, Y., Qin, J., Bouey, J., Zhao, M., & Li, X. (2020). Psychological symptoms among frontline healthcare workers during COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan. General Hospital Psychiatry, 67, 144–145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2020.03.011
Duarte, J., Pinto-Gouveia, J., & Cruz, B. (2016). Relationships between nurses’ empathy, self-compassion and dimensions of professional quality of life: A cross-sectional study. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 60, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016. 02.015
Gracia-Gracia, P., & Oliván-Blázquez, B. (2017). Burnout and mindfulness self-compassion in nurses of intensive care units: Cross-sectional study. Holistic Nursing Practice, 31(4), 225–233. https://doi.org/10.1097/HNP.0000000000000215
Handayani, H., Suminanto, S., Darmayanti, D., & Widiyanto, A. (2020). Kondisi dan strategi penanganan kecemasan pada tenaga kesehatan saat pandemi COVID-19. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa, 3(3), 365-374. https://journal.ppnijateng.org/index.php/jikj/article/ download/643/345
HIMPSI. (2020). Dalam masa tanggap darurat COVID-19 psikolog dan praktisi psikologi edisi 1 Disiapkan oleh : HIMPUNAN PSIKOLOGI INDONESIA Maret 2020. 28. https://himpsi.or.id/blog/berita-pengumuman-2/post/panduan-layanan-psikologi-dalam-masa-tanggap-darurat-covid-19-edisi-1-101
Hofmeyer, A., Taylor, R., & Kennedy, K. (2020). Knowledge for nurses to better care for themselves so they can better care for others during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Nurse Education Today, 94, 104503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104503
Howit, D. (2016). Introduction to qualitative research methods in psychology (third edition). Loughborough.
López, A., Sanderman, R., Ranchor, A. V., & Schroevers, M. J. (2018). Compassion for others and self-compassion: Levels, correlates, and relationship with psychological well-being. Mindfulness, 9(1), 325-331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-017-0777-z
Mohammadpour, M., Ghorbani, V., Khoramnia, S., Ahmadi, S. M., Ghvami, M., & Maleki, M. (2020). Anxiety, self-compassion, gender differences and COVID-19: Predicting self-care behaviors and fear of COVID-19 based on anxiety and self-compassion with an emphasis on gender differences. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry, 15(3), 213–219. https://doi.org/ 10.18502/ijps.v15i3.3813
Neff, K. D. (2003). Self-compassion: An alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Psychology Press, 85-101. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860390129863
Neff, K. D. (2003a). The development and validation of scale to measure self-compassion. Psychology Press, 223-250. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298860390209035
Neff, K. D. (2011). Self-compassion, self-esteem, and well-being. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 5(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2010.00330.x
Neff, K. D. (2016). Does self-compassion entail reduced self-judgment, isolation, and over-identification? A response to Muris, Otgaar, and Petrocchi (2016). Mindfulness, 7(3), 791–797. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-016-0531-y
Neff, K. D., Kirkpatrick, K. L., & Rude, S. S. (2007). Self-compassion and adaptive psychological functioning. Journal of Research in Personality, 41(1), 139–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jrp.2006.03.004
Neff, K. D., & Vonk, R. (2009). Self-compassion versus global self-esteem: Two different ways of relating to oneself. Journal of Personality, 77(1), 23-50. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.2008.00537.x
Poerwandari, E. K. (2013). Pendekatan kualitatif: Penelitian perilaku manusia. Depok: Lembaga Pengembangan Sarana Pengukuran dan Pendidikan Psikologi (LPSP3) Fakultas Psikologi UI.
Renzi, S., Fallanca, F., Zangrillo, A., Tresoldi, M., Landoni, G., Angelillo, P., Pepe, G., Pajoro, U., Maestranzi, G., & Yacoub, M. R. (2020). Caring with compassion during COVID-19. Palliative and Supportive Care, 18(4), 403–404. https://doi.org/10.1017/ S1478951520000577
Rodriguez-Vega, B., Palao, Á., Muñoz-Sanjose, A., Torrijos, M., Aguirre, P., Fernández, A., Amador, B., Rocamora, C., Blanco, L., Marti-Esquitino, J., Ortiz-Villalobos, A., Alonso-Sañudo, M., Cebolla, S., Curto, J., Villanueva, R., de-la-Iglesia, M. J., Carracedo, D., Casado, C., Vidal, E., … Bayón, C. (2020). Implementation of a mindfulness-based crisis intervention for frontline healthcare workers during the COVID-19 outbreak in a public general hospital in Madrid, Spain. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.3389/ fpsyt.2020.562578
Rosyanti, L., & Hadi, I. (2020). Dampak psikologis dalam memberikan perawatan dan layanan kesehatan pasien COVID-19 pada tenaga profesional kesehatan. HIJP: Health Information Jurnal Penelitian, 12(1), 107-130. https://myjurnal.poltekkes-kdi.ac.id/index.php/HIJP
Satgas Covid-19. (2020). Peta sebaran Covid-19. In Gugus Tugas Percepatan Penanganan Covid-19 (hal. 1–7). https://covid19.go.id/peta-sebaran
Stamm, B. H. (2010). Helping the helpers: Compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue in self-care, management, and policy of suicide prevention hotlines. Helping the Helpers, 1–4.
Szekeres, R. A., & Wertheim, E. H. (2015). Evaluation of vipassana meditation course effects on subjective stress, well-being, self-kindness and mindfulness in a community sample: Post-course and 6-month outcomes. Stress and Health, 31(5), 373-381. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/smi.2562
Wentzel, D., & Brysiewicz, P. (2014). The consequence of caring too much: Compassion fatigue and the trauma nurse. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 40(1), 95-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2013.10.009
Yin, R. K. (2014). Case study research design and methods (5 edition). SAGE Publications, Inc.