Evaluasi Penggunaan Antibiotik Pada Pasien Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut Atas (ISPAa) Di Instalasi Rawat Jalan Rumah Sakit X: Evaluation of Appropriate Antibiotic Use in Patients with Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infections (AURTIs) at the Outpatient Department of Hospital X

Lailla Shafia; Dina melia oktavilantika

doi:10.35760/jff.2026.v4i1.97

Authors

Lailla Shafia Universitas Gunadarama Author
Dina Melia Oktavilantika Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35760/jff.2026.v4i1.97

Keywords:

Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (ISPAA), Antibiotics, Drugs Appropriateness, Indication Appropriateness, Patient Appropriateness, Regimen Appropriateness

Abstract

Acute Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (AURTI) is a disease caused by an acute infection affecting the upper respiratory tract, typically resulting from bacteria and viruses. According to the 2018 Riskesdas report from the DKI Jakarta province, AURTI is among the most common infectious diseases in Jakarta, with a prevalence of 8.49%. The data indicates that AURTI is a recurring health issue each year, with several factors contributing to the rising incidence, one of which is irrational treatment. This study aims to determine the pattern of antibiotic use and the rationality of antibiotic use in AURTI therapy. This research is a non-experimental study with retrospective data collection and descriptive data analysis. The results show that the most commonly used antibiotics were cefixime (67%), azithromycin (14%), amoxicillin-clavulanate (8%), clindamycin (6%), amoxicillin (4%), and levofloxacin (2%), with oral administration. Of the 51 AURTI patient records evaluated in the Outpatient Department, the results showed 100% appropriateness in patient selection, 100% appropriateness in indication, 39% appropriateness in drug selection, 100% appropriateness in dosage, 96% appropriateness in duration, 94% appropriateness in frequency and route of administration 100%.

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Author Biography

Dina Melia Oktavilantika

Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut Atas (ISPAa) merupakan penyakit yang timbul akibat infeksi akut yang menyerang saluran pernapasan bagian atas yang biasanya diakibatkan oleh bakteri dan virus. Berdasarkan laporan provinsi DKI Jakarta Riskesdas 2018, penyakit ISPA termasuk ke dalam penyakit menular terbanyak di Kota Jakarta dengan prevalensi sebesar 8,49%, data menunjukkan bahwa ISPA merupakan masalah kesehatan yang terjadi setiap tahunnya, banyak faktor yang menyebabkan meningkatnya angka kesakitan salah satunya karena pengobatan yang tidak rasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola penggunaan antibiotik serta ketepatan rasionalitas penggunaan antibiotik pada terapi ISPAa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian non eksperimental dengan pengumpulan data secara retrospektif dan data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan adalah pola penggunaan antibiotik yang paling banyak seperti cefixime (67%), azitromisin (14%), amoxicillin clavulanate (8%), clindamycin (6%), amoxicillin (4%), dan levofloxacin (2%) dengan rute pemberian secara per oral. Dari 51 data pasien ISPAa di Instalasi Rawat Jalan yang dievaluasi penggunaan antibiotinya didapatkan hasil kategori tepat pasien sebanyak (100%), tepat indikasi (100%), tepat obat (39%), tepat dosis (100%), tepat durasi (96%), tepat frekuensi (94%), dan rute pemberian (100%).

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